Dates (Jewry in England-- Peter Aldag)

669 First Evidence

• The first documentary evidence of the presence of Jews in England (8)
  • Statute against interacting with Jews, designed to protect Christians from Jewish Slavery (8)

810 First Expulsion

• Jews fled England due to persecution, i.e., not being allowed to engage in the slave trade. (9)
  • For a compelling anecdote about Christian child slaves, see The Angel Children under Quotes.

1066 William the Conquerer

• William the Conqueror needed money for his conquest and brought in Jews to finance it. (10)

September 3rd, 1189 Richard Lionheart

• Richard the Lionheart was crowned King of England.
  • “A day that was extremely important for the history of the Jews in ancient England. From that point on they lost power and wealth until they were finally forced to leave the country.” (26)

September 1194 Law Passed Due to York Uprising

• A law was passed when Richard the Lionheart returned to England, which protected Jews from uprisings but also required Jews to register their records of claims, mortgages, houses, and other assets with Gentile officials. (30)
  • It was a reaction against the common people, who had managed to burn the Jewish records and escape debt. Now, the king had the records too and would collect them if the Jews didn’t.
• First mention of coin clipping, done by Jews, of course, in English history (30)
• ‘Exchequer of the Jews’ office created
  • “The basis for this government department was the public registration of debts and an existing department in the royal treasury that had been set up to manage Aaron of Lincoln's huge legacy.” (31)
    • See 'Aaron of Lincoln' under Villains.

December 1210 The Jews Audited

• In 1210, all of the Jews were arrested and brought together into one place in Bristol to be audited.
  • They had been falsifying the reports given to Gentile officials, the exchequer, under the law of September 1194 (37)
• See The One-Toothed Jew under Hilarities.

June 15th, 1215 Magna Carta

• The famous Magna Carta was written. An important part of its purpose was to protect the barons and also the English people from Jewish usury. (38)
  • See The Magna Carta Included Protection Against Jews under Evidence.

1234 Cities Tried to Expel Jews

• The Cities Tried to Expel the Jews.
  • “…first attempts by the cities’ burgesses to expel the Hebrews, who were an unwanted foreign body in their midst.” (41)

1253 Nuremberg-Style Laws

• Nuremberg-style laws under Edward I (48)
  • See 'Nuremberg-like Laws of 1253' under Quotes for full statute.

July 1290 The Great Expulsion

• The Jews were expelled from England by Edward I. (69)

December 1655 Whitehall Conference

• The famous Whitehall Conference
  • The Puritans voted in their parliament against readmitting the Jews into England. (208)

1660 Charles II Lands in Dover

• On May 20th, Charles II landed in Dover, and on May 29th, he entered London. (234)

1696 Jews Remain in Colonies

• On April 10th, the Jews won their right to remain in the American colonies as the bill regulating plantation trade had its alien clause removed from it, which would have expelled the Jews, as the colonists wanted. (266)

1740 The Plantation Act

• The Plantation Act naturalized Jews in America’s colonies (297)
  • Passed by stealth, tricks: Jews not mentioned on purpose
    • See 'The Plantation Act of 1740’ under The Jewish Tactic of Sneak Attack under Quotes.

1744 Levant Company Battle

• The Levant Company, aka the “Turkey Company” Battle
  • Bills were introduced that would have allowed Jews to enter the company. It was ultimately defeated in the House of Lords. (300)

1753 The Year of Battle

• The Year of Battle
  • A naturalization bill was quickly and quietly passed through Parliament, but provoked a massive uprising from the people, and it was repealed within a year.
    • The people prevailed against all of the powers of the state, church, and nobility. (339)
      • See ‘The Naturalization Bill of 1753’ under The Whittle Away, Sneak Attack, and Proxy Tactics under ‘Jewish Tactics' under Themes.
      • See People’s Victory of 1753 under Quotes.
      • See Public Pressure on MPs in 1753 under Hilarities.

April 5th, 1830 Jewish Naturalization Efforts Restart

• The battle over Jewish naturalization began again. (453)

December 10th 1830 Jews Admitted as Freemen into City of London

• Jews were admitted as freemen into the City of London, which had been the bulwark institution against them– a kind of vanguard. (433)
  • See The Vanguard under Themes.

April 24th, 1834 Jews' Civil Disabilities Bill

• Jews’ Civil Disabilities Bill
  • A bill for naturalizing Jews was passed through the House of Commons but was defeated in the House of Lords. (459, 461)
    • See The Vanguard under Themes.

1844 David Salomons Elected Alderman

• David Salomons was elected Alderman of the City of London and allowed to serve without taking the Christian oath. (477)

1846 Religious Disabilities Act Passed

• The Religious Disabilities Act of 1846 was passed.
  • Allowed Jews to own “immovable property,” the last privilege denied to Jews, besides emancipation itself (478)
  • A major step forward in their emancipation (478)

July 21st, 1858 “Compromise” Jew Bill Passed

• The “Compromise” Jew bill passed through both houses of Parliament. Jewish “emancipation” was complete, their path to power unimpeded. (544)
  • See ‘The “Compromise” Betrayal that Enfranchised Jews’ under ‘Conservative Betrayal’ under Themes.
  • See ‘Debate on the “Compromise” Jew Bill of July 1858’ under Quotes.
  • See ‘Why did Lord Derby Change Sides?’ under Quotes.
  • See ‘Lord Lyndurst,’ ‘Lord Lucan,’ ‘Benjamin Disraeli,’ ‘Lord John Russell,’ and ‘Lord Derby’ under Villains.

BONUS TIMELINE: The Richest Person/Jew in Britain Throughout History

For details on these men, all of their names can be found under Villains.

Aaron of Lincoln

• 1125-1186
• Wealthiest Jew and person in England

Antonio Fernandez Carvajal

• 1590-1659
• The Rothschild of the Seventeenth Century

Henrique Mendes da Costa

• At the end of the 16th century, his banks had a similar power and role to the later Rothschild ones.

Sampson Gideon

• 1699-1762
• The Rothschild of his day
• ‘The Pillar of State Credit’ (358)
• Connections all over the world

Goldsmid Family

• Dominated the Royal Exchange
• The father, Aaron
  • Legacy kept by four sons
    • George (1741-1813) Asher (d. 1822)
    • Benjamin (1755-1808)
    • and Abraham (1756-1810)
• Goldsmid Palace– monetary to social power pipeline
  • “The largest and most lavish festivals of the time…” (405)
  • Royal connections

Nathan Mayer Rothschild

• Born in Frankfurt in 1770
• The Wealthiest man in the world
• Source of family wealth: war profiteering
• All-powerful banker on London’s Royal Exchange
  • After the death of the Goldsmid brothers

Lionel Nathan Rothschild

• The eldest son of Nathan Mayer Rothschild
  • Took over his father’s fortune

Sassoon Family

• The ‘Rothschilds of the East’ during the early 20th Century (727)
• Nearly equal to Rothschild family
  • “The influence of this family is hardly, if at all, inferior to that of Rothschild.” (727)